Pediatric Urology
Urinary Tract Infection After Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty: Are Urine Cultures and Antibiotics Helpful?
To evaluate how variations in peri-operative urine culture (UCx) and antibiotic prophylaxis utilization following robot assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) affect post-RALP urinary tract infection (UTI) rates in children, then use data to generate a standardized care pathway.Tubularized Reconstructed Plate Urethroplasty: An Alternative Technique for Distal Hypospadias Repair
To report current results of a new surgical technique, tubularized reconstructed plate urethroplasty (TRPU) in distal hypospadias repair which allows the tubularization of urethral plate without incision or grafting.Immune Expression in Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux: A Pilot Study
To perform an exploratory, descriptive pilot study of the systemic and local immune environment in patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and bladder-bowel dysfunction (BBD).New Insights on the Basic Science of Bladder Exstrophy-epispadias Complex
The exstrophy-epispadias complex is a rare congenital anomaly presenting as a wide spectrum of disorders. The complex nature of this malformation leads to continuous investigations of the basic science concepts behind it. Elucidating these concepts allows one to fully understand the mechanisms behind the disease in order to improve diagnosis, management, and treatment ultimately leading to improvement in patient quality of life. Multiple technological advancements within the last 10 years have been made allowing for new studies to be conducted.Bladder Volume Assessment in Pediatric Patients With Neurogenic Bladder: Is Ultrasound an Accurate Method?
To define the accuracy of ultrasound to determine bladder volume in pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder (NB).Digital Pattern Recognition for the Identification and Classification of Hypospadias Using Artificial Intelligence vs Experienced Pediatric Urologist
To improve hypospadias classification system, we hereby, show the use of machine learning/image recognition to increase objectivity of hypospadias recognition and classification. Hypospadias anatomical variables such as meatal location, quality of urethral plate, glans size, and ventral curvature have been identified as predictors for postoperative outcomes but there is still significant subjectivity between evaluators.The Impact of Adjuvant Sirolimus Therapy in the Surgical Management of Scrotal Slow-Flow Vascular Malformations
To describe the effects of oral sirolimus administered before and after surgical resection of slow-flow vascular malformations of the scrotum in pediatric patients.Buccal Mucosa Tube Graft for Failed Hypospadias Repair: Worth it or Not?
To report the outcome of buccal mucosa tube graft (BMTG) over time in correcting failed hypospadias.Study of Variations in Axial Pattern Vessels of Penile Dartos in Hypospadias and Implied Surgical Significance
To report the anatomical variations in axial pattern vessels of penile dartos in hypospadias.Baseline Renal Volumes in Children Born With Cloacal Anomalies
To better understand why children born with cloacal anomalies are at a high risk of renal insufficiency, this study aims to determine baseline renal volume in children with cloacal anomalies compared to controls. We hypothesized children with cloacal anomalies would be born with less renal volume.Nonstented Tubularized Incised Plate Distal Hypospadias Repair: A Single Center 5 Years’ Experience
To report our immediate and delayed outcomes of nonstented tubularized incised plate (TIP) distal hypospadias repair.A Novel Surgical Technique for Treatment of Renal Stones in Preschool-aged Patients: Initial Experience With Needle-perc
To describe and evaluate our newly developed minimal instrumentation technique, needle-perc, for treatment of preschool-aged patients with renal stones. To the best of our knowledge, this is the smallest endoscopic equipment for percutaneous nephrolithotomy reported thus far.Pediatric Urodynamic Study Without a Preprocedural Urine Culture, Is It Safe in Clinical Practice?
To prove that incidence of UTI after a pediatric urodynamic study (UDS) is low, and that patients without urine culture (UC) analysis prior to a UDS will not have a significant increase in the incidence of UTI (post-UDS UTI).Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Urinary Bladder and Ureter in Children: Experience of a Tertiary Referral Center
To present the clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of children with bladder and ureteral inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) in our center.Laparoscopic Abdominoscrortal Hydrocele: A Case Series
To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (LPEC) of the internal inguinal ring for the treatment in pediatric abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) and to assess the feasibility and safety of the procedures.Modified Circumcision Using the Disposable Circumcision Suture Device in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
To evaluate and compare the surgical outcomes and complications of the modified circumcision using disposable circumcision suture device (device group) and the conventional dorsal slit circumcision (conventional group) in children.In Support of a Simple Urethrocutaneous Fistula Closure Technique Following Hypospadias Repair
To evaluate the success rates of a simple posthypospadias urethrocutaneous fistula repair.Urinary Tract Anomalies in Patients With Anorectal Malformations: The Role of Screening and Clinical Follow-Up
To evaluate the efficacy of the screening protocol and the clinical follow-up to detect urological anomalies (UA) in patients with ARM (ARM-P) in our institution. Secondary aim was to define the prevalence of UA and their relationship with severity of ARM.Cystatin C, Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin, and Lysozyme C: Urinary Biomarkers for Detection of Early Kidney Dysfunction in Children With Urolithiasis
To screen for the presence of biomarkers involved in tubular injury and kidney damage in children with urolithiasis (RS), and to validate these proteins by ELISA.Multi-instance Deep Learning of Ultrasound Imaging Data for Pattern Classification of Congenital Abnormalities of the Kidney and Urinary Tract in Children
To reliably and quickly diagnose children with posterior urethral valves (PUV), we developed a multi-instance deep learning method to automate image analysis.Botulinum Toxin Type A Therapy: Intravesical Injection or Electromotive Drug Administration
To compare the outcomes of intravesical injection of botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) with intravesical electromotive drug administration (EMDA) of BoNTA on urinary incontinence secondary to neuropathic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in children with myelomeningocele (MMC).Utilization of Augmentation Cystoplasty for Myelomeningocele Patients Remained Stable Over the Past Decade
To understand the utilization of augmentation cystoplasty (AC) for the management of neurogenic bladder in children with myelomeningocele (MMC). AC carries considerable risk. To mitigate this, recent studies have emphasized alternatives to AC, but it is unknown if these interventions have resulted in fewer ACs being performed. Our goal was to evaluate the use of AC in MMC patients over the past decade. We hypothesized that the use of AC had decreased and that the age at AC increased.“You Can't Be What You Can't See”—Are Women in Pediatric Urology Visible at National Meetings?
In 1995, 1.2% of board-certified urologists were women.1 Since then, the number of women urologists has risen with the 2018 American Urological Association census reporting 9.2% of all practicing urologists, 21.6% of urologists <45 years old, and 24% of American urology residents being women.2,3 This increase in the number of women over time is common throughout several fields of medicine, demonstrating the ongoing influx of women into both medicine in general and into historically male-dominant subspecialties.Testicular Appendage Torsion—To Explore the Other Side or Not?
To investigate and compare the risks vs benefits of synchronous contralateral scrotal compartment exploration when testicular appendage torsion is diagnosed intra-operatively.International Publication Patterns on Operative Management of Wilms Tumor: A Review by Surgeon Specialty and Surgical Modality
To review the temporal trends in the published literature of the surgical management of Wilms tumor (WT) relative to surgical modality and authorship by surgeon specialty (pediatric urology [PU] vs pediatric surgery [PS]).What to Do With Renal Cysts in Children?
To explore the current practice patterns for the management of renal cysts internationally among pediatric urologists and nephrologists.Caregiver Reported Reasons for Delay of Neonatal Circumcision
To determine caregiver-reported reasons for delay of desired neonatal circumcision.Bladder Herniation as an Auto-Augmentation Technique in Bladder Exstrophy: Initial Experience in Patients with Small Bladder Plate
To present our long-term experience of bladder plate herniation technique in patients with bladder exstrophy epispadias complex (BEEC) and inadequate bladder plate.Fate of Pediatric Renal Angiomyolipoma During mTOR Inhibitor Treatment in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
To evaluate the clinical and radiographic follow-up of renal angiomyolipoma (AML) in pediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) on mTOR inhibitors.Voiding Cystourethrogram in Children With Unilateral Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney: Is It Still necessary?
To evaluate the value of the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) in children with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) who have a normal versus abnormal contralateral kidney and bladder ultrasound (US), and assess the risk of having vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) or urinary tract infection (UTI) based on the US results.Female Authorship Publishing Trends and Forecasting in Pediatric Urology: Are We Closer to Gender Equality?
To review the literature of 5 pediatric urology topics and conduct gender based and forecasting analyses of first and corresponding authors.Accuracy of Ultrasound in Identifying Renal Scarring as Compared to DMSA Scan
To assess the accuracy of renal ultrasound (RUS) in detecting renal scarring (RS).Association Between Daily Water Intake and 24-hour Urine Volume Among Adolescents With Kidney Stones
To determine the association between daily water intake and 24-hour urine volume among adolescents with nephrolithiasis in order to estimate a “fluid prescription,” the additional water intake needed to increase urine volume to a target goal.Bracka's Method of Proximal Hypospadias Repair: Preputial Skin or Buccal Mucosa?
To analyze treatment results of staged surgical repair of proximal forms of hypospadias according to Bracka's technique using preputial vs buccal grafts.Penile Disassembly in Complete Primary Repair of Bladder Exstrophy: Time for Re-evaluation?
To explore a series of classic bladder exstrophy (CBE) cases referred to the authors’ institution where primary closure with penile disassembly epispadias repair was complicated by penile injury. The penile disassembly technique is frequently combined with bladder closure in patients with CBE undergoing the complete primary repair of exstrophy (CPRE). Penile disassembly has been posited as a risk for penile injury by ischemic mechanisms.Variation of Gonadal Dysgenesis and Tumor Risk in Patients With 45,X/46,XY Mosaicism
To describe the gonadal features of patients with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism, and to evaluate the prevalence of gonadal tumor in different phenotypes.Efficacy and Safety of Supracostal Access for Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Pediatric Patients
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of supracostal percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) through the 11th intercostal space and compare it with subcostal PCNL in children with renal calculi.Frequency and Variability of Advice Given to Parents on Care of the Uncircumcised Penis by Pediatric Residents: A Need to Improve Education
To understand the extent to which pediatricians are providing advice on care of the uncircumcised penis and the advice they are providing. We hypothesized that pediatric residents lack preparedness to offer parents advice on caring for the uncircumcised penis and as such are unlikely to offer such advice.Antibiotic Prophylaxis Prescribing Patterns of Pediatric Urologists for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux and other Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
To determine pediatric urologists’ antibiotic prophylaxis prescribing practices for children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and other congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT).Utility of Skin Grafting and Tissue Expansion in Penile Reconstruction for the Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex
To describe the use of additional tissue recruited for coverage after penile lengthening in male exstrophy-epispadias complex patients using either local skin from tissue expansion (TE) or extragenital skin with a skin graft (SG) and report their respective outcomes.Prevalence of Phimosis in Males of All Ages: Systematic Review
Phimosis is considered virtually universal in newborn males and likely to resolve within a few years. Persistent phimosis can result in pain, sexual dysfunctions, increased risk of penile inflammatory conditions and penile cancer. There are two forms – primary phimosis and secondary phimosis – the latter often representing a consequence of lichen sclerosis, diabetes and obesity.Müllerian Remnant Embedded in Labia Majora
A15-year-old female presented to our Pediatric Urology Clinic complaining of inability to use tampons. She has a particularly complex medical history including Klippel-Feil syndrome, which is a congenital musculoskeletal condition characterized by the fusion of 2 vertebrae of the neck, bilateral microtia with aural atresia and conductive hearing loss, dysmorphic facial features and a cloacal malformation with a common urogenital sinus. Genetic testing revealed 46XX with a very small gain of material at 10q23.11.Testis-sparing Surgery for Pediatric Leydig Cell Tumors: Evidence of Favorable Outcomes Irrespective of Surgical Margins
To review our single institution experience, exploring the role of testis-sparing surgical resection in a cohort of children with Testicular Leydig cell tumors (LCTs).Albuminuria in Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder: Identifying an Earlier Marker of Renal Disease
To investigate the role of albuminuria as a clinical marker of early renal disease in children with neurogenic bladder (NGB) in association with commonly used predictors of renal risk.Door To Detorsion Time Determines Testicular Survival
To determine the importance of the duration of in-hospital management of patients with testicular torsion for testes survival. The time from onset of symptoms until surgery is a well-known factor determining testicular survival but there is no data regarding the contribution of in-hospital management duration to testicular survival. Unlike the time from onset of symptoms until seeking medical attention, the time from registration to the emergency department (ED) to the time of detorsion—“Door To Detorsion time” (DTD) is dependent on medical providers and should be minimized.Over-reliance on P Values in Urology: Fragility of Findings in the Hydronephrosis Literature Calls for Systematic Reporting of Robustness Indicators
To review the robustness of hydronephrosis literature with the application of fragility index (FI) and fragility quotient (FQ) calculations.A Prospective Study of the Urinary and Gastrointestinal Microbiome in Prepubertal Males
To determine if urinary microbial communities similar to those described in adults exist in children and to profile the urinary and gastrointestinal microbiome in children presenting to urology for both routine and complex urologic procedures.Exploration of Practice Patterns in Exstrophy Closures: A Comparison Between Surgical Specialties Using a National and Institutional Database
To compare the surgical subspecialties performing bladder exstrophy closures and characterize their practice patterns using both a national and institutional database.Validation and Preliminary Results of the Parental Assessment of Children's External Genitalia Scale for Females (PACE-F) for Girls With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
To validate a parental assessment of children's external genitalia scale for females (PACE-F) for girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) by adapting the validated adult female genital self-image scale.Pediatric Urinary Stone Disease in the United States: The Urologic Diseases in America Project
To examine the recent epidemiology of pediatric urinary stone disease (USD) in the United States.
