Barriers to entry is a common economics and business term that refers to factors that
might prevent or preclude newcomers from entering a particular market or industry.
We can apply this concept to evaluate the potential entry barriers into urology that
underrepresented in medicine (URiM) students might face. For applicants applying to
urology, barriers to entry may come in the form of high application and travel costs,
perceived increased travel time needed for interviews, lack of a home program, lack
of a social and/or academic mentor, low USMLE scores, etc. While these barriers may
be faced by any applicant applying to any specialty, time constraints and high costs
are anecdotally used to explain the lack of diversity in residency programs, especially
in urology.
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© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.
