ABSTRACT
Numerous studies have investigated the influence of health disparities among women
with pelvic floor disorders with varied results. Racial/ethnic disparities, in particular,
inconsistently indicate differences in prevalence of disease, disease severity, and
treatment outcomes. We aim to review the body of literature examining racial/ethnic
disparities in pelvic floor disorders, including overactive bladder, stress urinary
incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and interstitial cystitis. A better understanding
of these disparities may help guide clinicians, researchers, and advocates in providing
improved education, outreach opportunities, and access to care in minority women with
pelvic floor disorders.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to UrologyAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Prevalence of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in US women.JAMA. 2008; 300: 1311-1316
United States Census Bureau, State and County Facts 2020.
- Symptoms, bother and POPQ in women referred with pelvic organ prolapse.Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2003; 14: 122-127
- Prevalence and burden of overactive bladder in the United States.World J Urol. 2003; 20: 327-336
- Psychosocial and societal burden of incontinence in the aged population: a review.Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2008; 277: 285-290
- Estimated deaths attributable to social factors in the United States.Am J Public Health. 2011; 101: 1456-1465
- Disparity of Racial/Ethnic Representation in Publications Contributing to Overactive Bladder Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines.Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2020;
- National community prevalence of overactive bladder in the United States stratified by sex and age.Urology. 2011; 77: 1081-1087
- Associations between risk factors and overactive bladder: a meta-analysis.Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2019; 25: 238-246
- Characterization of overactive bladder in women in a primary care setting.Open Access J Urol. 2011; 3: 29-34
- Overactive bladder is strongly associated with frailty in older individuals.Urology. 2017; 106: 26-31
- The effect of social determinants of health on overactive bladder symptom severity.J Urol. 2020; (101097JU0000000000001545)
- Prevalence, risk factors, and treatment for overactive bladder in a racially diverse population.Urology. 2019; 126: 70-75
- Differences in prevalence of urinary incontinence by race/ethnicity.J Urol. 2006; 175: 259-264
- Urinary incontinence and pelvic floor dysfunction in Asian-American women.Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 195: 1331-1337
- Racial differences in the prevalence of overactive bladder in the United States from the epidemiology of LUTS (EpiLUTS) study.Urology. 2012; 79: 95-101
- The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and overactive bladder (OAB) by racial/ethnic group and age: results from OAB-POLL.Neurourol Urodyn. 2013; 32: 230-237
- Racial disparities in knowledge of pelvic floor disorders among community-dwelling women.Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2015; 21: 287-292
- Prevalence of and risk factors for urine leakage in a racially and ethnically diverse population of adults: the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey.Am J Epidemiol. 2008; 167: 390-399
- The incidence of urinary incontinence across Asian, black, and white women in the United States.Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 202 (e371-377): 378
- Prevalence and trends of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in U.S. women.Obstet Gynecol. 2014; 123: 141-148
- Drug treatment of urological symptoms: estimating the magnitude of unmet need in a community-based sample.BJU Int. 2009; 104: 1680-1688
- Racial and Socioeconomic Factors Influence Utilization of Advanced Therapies in Commercially Insured OAB Patients: An Analysis of Over 800,000 OAB Patients.Urology. 2020; 142: 81-86
- Anticholinergic medication use for female overactive bladder in the ambulatory setting in the United States.Int Urogynecol J. 2014; 25: 479-484
- Patient-reported reasons for discontinuing overactive bladder medication.BJU Int. 2010; 105: 1276-1282
- Factors Associated with Improvements in Patient-Reported Outcomes During Mirabegron or Antimuscarinic Treatment of Overactive Bladder Syndrome: A Registry Study (PERSPECTIVE).Adv Ther. 2019; 36: 1906-1921
- Primary nonadherence to overactive bladder medications in an integrated managed care health care system.J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2017; 23: 484-493
- Persistence with overactive bladder pharmacotherapy in a Medicaid population.Am J Manag Care. 2005; 11: S121-S129
- Persistence and adherence of medications for chronic overactive bladder/urinary incontinence in the California Medicaid program.Value Health. 2005; 8: 495-505
- Racial differences in self-reported healthcare seeking and treatment for urinary incontinence in community-dwelling women from the EPI Study.Neurourol Urodyn. 2011; 30: 1442-1447
- Real-world patterns of care for the overactive bladder syndrome in the United States.Urology. 2016; 87: 64-69
- Disparities in the use of sacral neuromodulation among Medicare beneficiaries.J Urol. 2015; 194: 449-453
- Statewide success of staged sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of urinary complaints in California (2005-2011).Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2020; 26: 437-442
- Outcomes of sacral nerve stimulation for treatment of refractory overactive bladder among octogenarians.Neuromodulation. 2019; 22: 738-744
- National trends in the usage and success of sacral nerve test stimulation.J Urol. 2011; 185: 970-975
- Barriers to urinary incontinence care seeking in White, Black, and Latina women.Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2015; 21: 83-86
- Longitudinal changes in overactive bladder and stress incontinence among parous women.Neurourol Urodyn. 2015; 34: 356-361
- Racial differences in urinary incontinence prevalence, overactive bladder and associated bother among men: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.J Urol. 2021; 205: 524-531
- The racial distribution of female pelvic floor disorders in an equal access health care system.J Urol. 2009; 181: 187-192
- Surgery for stress urinary incontinence in the United States: does race play a role?.Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2008; 19: 1085-1092
- Racial disparities in the surgical management of stress incontinence among female Medicare beneficiaries.J Urol. 2007; 177: 1846-1850
- Rates and risk factors for future stress urinary incontinence surgery after pelvic organ prolapse repair in a large population-based cohort in California.Urology. 2019; 123: 81-86
- Risk factors for returning to the operating room for a second surgery after midurethral sling for stress urinary incontinence.Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2020; 26: 443-446
- Symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse: prevalence and risk factors in a population-based, racially diverse cohort.Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 109: 1396-1403
- Racial differences in pelvic organ prolapse.Obstet Gynecol. 2009; 114: 1271-1277
- Socioeconomic status and race as predictors of treatment-seeking behavior for pelvic organ prolapse.Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013; 209 (e471-475): 476
- Racial characteristics of women undergoing surgery for pelvic organ prolapse in the United States.Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 197 (e71-78): 70
- Ethnicity and variations of pelvic organ prolapse bother.Int Urogynecol J. 2014; 25: 53-59
- Health care disparities among english-speaking and spanish-speaking women with pelvic organ prolapse at public and private hospitals: what are the barriers?.Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016; 22: 460-466
- Prevalence of symptoms of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis among adult females in the United States.J Urol. 2011; 186: 540-544
- Prevalence of painful bladder symptoms and effect on quality of life in black, Hispanic and white men and women.J Urol. 2007; 177: 1390-1394
- Overlap of different urological symptom complexes in a racially and ethnically diverse, community-based population of men and women.BJU Int. 2008; 101: 45-51
- Prevalence of painful bladder syndrome in older women.Urology. 2009; 73: 494-498
- Sexual function is a determinant of poor quality of life for women with treatment refractory interstitial cystitis.J Urol. 2007; 177: 1832-1836
- Prevalence and correlates of sexual dysfunction among women with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis.Urology. 2011; 77: 576-580
- Prevalence and psychosocial correlates of symptoms suggestive of painful bladder syndrome: results from the Boston area community health survey.J Urol. 2008; 180: 599-606
- Diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder (non-neurogenic) in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline.J Urol. 2012; 188: 2455-2463
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Overactive Bladder (Non-Neurogenic) in Adults: AUA/SUFU Guideline Amendment 2019.J Urol. 2019; 202: 558-563
- A systematic review of barriers and facilitators to minority research participation among African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, and Pacific Islanders.Am J Public Health. 2014; 104: e16-e31
- Bridging the gap: determinants of undiagnosed or untreated urinary incontinence in women.Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016; 214 (e261-266 e269): 266
- Addressing health disparities among minority populations: why clinical trial recruitment is not enough.JAMA Neurol. 2020; 77: 1063-1064
- Strategies addressing barriers to clinical trial enrollment of underrepresented populations: a systematic review.Contemp Clin Trials. 2014; 39: 169-182
Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 07, 2021
Accepted:
September 19,
2021
Received:
April 1,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.