Abstract
Objective
To characterize the use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in male
Medicare beneficiaries electing active surveillance for prostate cancer. mpMRI has
emerged as a tool that may improve risk-stratification and decrease repeated biopsies
in men electing active surveillance. However, the extent to which mpMRI has been implemented
in active surveillance has not been established.
Methods
Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry data linked to Medicare
claims data, we identified men with localized prostate cancer diagnosed between 2008
and 2013 and managed with active surveillance. We classified men into 2 treatment
groups: active surveillance without mpMRI and active surveillance with mpMRI. We then
fit a multivariable logistic regression models to examine changing mpMRI utilization
over time, and factors associated with the receipt of mpMRI.
Results
We identified 9467 men on active surveillance. Of these, 8178 (86%) did not receive
mpMRI and 1289 (14%) received mpMRI. The likelihood of receiving mpMRI over the entire
study period increased by 3.7% (P = .004). On multivariable logistic regression, patients who were younger, white,
had lower comorbidity burden, lived in the northeast and west, had higher incomes
and lived in more urban areas had greater odds of receiving mpMRI (all P < .05).
Conclusion
From 2008 to 2013, use of mpMRI in active surveillance increased gradually but significantly.
Receipt of mpMRI among men on surveillance for prostate cancer varied significantly
across demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic strata. Going forward, studies should
investigate causes for this variation and define ideal strategies for equitable, cost-effective
dissemination of mpMRI technology.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 30, 2019
Accepted:
February 6,
2019
Received:
November 11,
2018
Footnotes
Funding/Disclosures: Mina M. Fam is supported in part by the Shadyside Hospital Foundation. Liam C. Macleod is supported in part by the Shadyside Hospital Foundation and in part by the Conquer Cancer Foundation. Bruce L. Jacobs is supported in part by the University of Pittsburgh Physicians Academic Foundation, P30CA047904 from the National Cancer Institute and the Henry L. Hillman Foundation.
The other authors declare no conflict of interest.
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