Laparoscopy in renal transplant patients

Abstract 

Objectives. To evaluate the use of laparoscopic techniques in patients with a renal transplant.

Methods. Since 1992, 358 patients have undergone urologic laparoscopy at our hospital. Among these, 37 procedures (10.4%) were performed in patients with a renal transplant: 14 bilateral nephrectomies for severe drug-resistant hypertension, 9 marsupializations of symptomatic lymphoceles, 6 renal allograft biopsies in patients with clotting abnormalities, 6 unilateral nephrectomies, and 2 nephroureterectomies for recurrent episodes of pyelonephritis and symptomatic vesicoureteral reflux, respectively.

Results. Five complications (14%) and three conversions (8%) occurred. Patients who underwent successful laparoscopic operations began mobilization and oral intake on the day after the operation. The hospital stay ranged from 1 to 6 days. In the nephrectomy groups, perioperative urine outputs remained stable and postoperative urine outputs were increased as compared with those in the perioperative period (P <0.05). Postoperatively, serum creatinine remained stable or improved in patients who underwent nephrectomy or marsupialization of lymphocele.

Conclusions. Our results indicate that laparoscopic techniques are safe and effective in the treatment of patients with a renal transplant. Renal allograft function apparently is not affected by laparoscopic procedures.

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